Speakers
Description
The practical implementation of the principles of sustainable development has created several fundamental challenges. One of the most deeply debated topics in the academic environment is the direct relationship between economic growth and energy consumption, as economic development leads to a significant increase in energy consumption, which leads to increased carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂).
In this context, the analysis of interdependencies contributed to the development and consolidation of the key concepts in the economic literature, such as: 3E indicator, the energy nexus–GDP–CO₂, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), energy intensity, carbon intensity, dissociating effect, energy transition, climate policies, etc. The interest in these subjects is amplified by the demanding regulatory framework in the area of environmental protection, well-known at the European Union level, as well as the need to align the Republic of Moldova's policies with EU community standards and practices.
This article aims to analyse the Energy Nexus–Economy–Medium (3E) in the context of the Republic of Moldova, by applying the identity of Kaya, an analytical tool that permits the breakdown of total CO₂ emissions into four determinants: population, GDP per capita, energy intensity and carbon intensity.
This research aims, first of all, to identify the core theories integrated in the 3E indicator, considered a relevant strategic framework for the analysis and promotion of sustainable development. Secondly, the study aims to explore the correlations between economic development, energy consumption and CO₂ emissions in the Republic of Moldova, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis with the member states of the European Union. The empirical analysis covers the period of 2000–2024 and is based on the Kaya identity, which facilitates a rigorous quantitative approach to the determinants of CO₂ emissions and allows highlighting the relative contribution of each factor in their dynamics.
This paper gives an overview of determining the degree of separation between the economic development level in the Republic of Moldova and environmental impact, facilitating the development of feasible recommendations for public policies to align with the objectives set by the European Union.
The research study is performed within the bilateral complex project RO–MD (2025–2027), „Valuing artificial intelligence for sustainable growth: a multidimensional analysis of the 3E system and political implications”, code PN-IV-PCB-RO-MD-2024-0343.
